stress in longer words

^^prefixes and suffixes that don't affect stress placement^^
we can build longer words by adding parts to the beginning or end of shorter words. Usually, this doesn't change the stress; it stays on the same syllable as in the original word.
Here's a list of beginnings and endings which do not change the stress of the shorter word:
suffixes
drinkABLE
achorAGE
musicAL
playER
widEN
helpFUL
childHOOD
borING
civilIZE/civilISE
childISH
childLESS
birdLIKE
friendLY
employMENT
happiNESS
friendSHIP
otherWISE

prefixes:
DISorder
ILegitimate
INdependent
IMpossible
UNhappy
UNDERpay

Don't stress the negative prefix attached to an adjective:
impossible, illiterate
exceptions: nowhere, nothing, nobody, nonsense
For other prefixes: the best treatment seems to say that stress in words with prefixes is governed by the same rules as those for words without prefixes


some endings change the stress in the shorter word.
-suffixes carrying primary stress themselves
word ending in -ese, -ee, -eer, -ette, -esque have the stress on this syllable
chinese, refugee, volunteer, cigarrette, picturesque
-suffixes that influence stress in the strem
always stress the syllable before -ion, -ian (education, electrician)
-the ending -ic also moves the stress to the syllable before it (scientific)
(excepctions : arabic, lunatic, politics, rhetotic

Note: when a syllable changes from unstressed to stressed, or the other way round, the vowel sound often changed. (atom/atomic)
Note: the ending -al doesn't change the stress of the word, so, for example, the stress is on the same sullable in economic and economical.

There are many longer word endings where the last letters are -y or -ist. In words with these endings, the stress is placed on the syllable two from the end.(antepenultimate) (humanity, chemistry)

Note: if we add the ending -ic to a word, the stress goes on to the syllable before 'ic' (photographic)